Property Foundations

Buying the Freehold

If you and your fellow leaseholders are tired of ground rent, service charge disputes and an unresponsive freeholder, buying the freehold together — known as collective enfranchisement — lets you take back control of the building. Here is how it works.

1. What is collective enfranchisement?

Collective enfranchisement is the statutory right for leaseholders in a building to club together and force the freeholder to sell them the freehold, even if the freeholder does not want to sell. Once you own the freehold, ground rent is extinguished for participating leaseholders, you control who manages the building, and each participant can grant themselves a long lease extension (typically 999 years) at no extra premium as part of the same transaction.

2. Are you eligible?

  • At least two-thirds of flats in the building must be held on qualifying long leases (originally granted for more than 21 years).
  • At least 50% of qualifying leaseholders must choose to participate in the claim.
  • No more than 25% of the building's floor area (excluding common parts) can be in non-residential use, such as shops or offices.
  • The building must generally be a self-contained structure or part of one, with at least two flats held by qualifying tenants.

Buildings with a resident freeholder who occupies one of the flats have some special rules, so it's worth getting specialist advice early if this applies to you.

3. The process, step by step

Step What happens
1. Form a nominee Participating leaseholders usually set up a company to act as the buyer and future freeholder.
2. Get a valuation Instruct a RICS-accredited valuer to assess the premium payable to the freeholder.
3. Serve the Initial Notice A formal notice proposing a price is served on the freeholder, starting the statutory timetable.
4. Freeholder responds The freeholder serves a Counter Notice, either accepting or disputing the terms.
5. Negotiate or go to tribunal Most claims settle through negotiation; unresolved disputes go to the First-tier Tribunal.
6. Completion The freehold transfers to your nominee company, and participating leaseholders can extend their leases as part of the deal.

4. What it will cost

  • The freehold premium, based on the value of the ground rent income and the value of the flats reverting to the freeholder over time.
  • Your own professional fees — solicitor and valuer costs for your side of the claim.
  • The freeholder's reasonable costs, which participating leaseholders are usually required to pay in addition to their own.
  • Ongoing costs of running the freehold company, such as buildings insurance and any managing agent you choose to appoint.
Pro Tip

Costs are typically shared between participating leaseholders in proportion to the value of their flats. Get an early estimate from a valuer before committing, as the numbers vary enormously by building.

5. Buying the freehold vs. extending your lease

If your main concern is a short lease, a statutory lease extension may be simpler, faster and cheaper than organising a collective claim, especially if your neighbours are not interested in participating. Buying the freehold makes most sense when the whole building has issues beyond just lease length, such as a poorly performing managing agent, escalating service charges, or an unresponsive freeholder — problems a lease extension alone will not fix. If you're weighing up your options, our guide to your rights as a leaseholder covers the other tools available to you, such as challenging charges at tribunal.

6. Take the next step

Before starting a claim, understand your current position:

Lease Extension

Compare the statutory extension premium against an enfranchisement to see which route may suit your building.

Launch Tool →
Service Charge Calculator

Benchmark your current service charge before deciding whether self-management is worth pursuing.

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Ground Rent Checker

See what your ground rent is currently costing you — it's extinguished entirely once you own the freehold.

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Pro Tip

If a full freehold purchase feels like too much for your building, read our guide to Right to Manage — a simpler route to taking control of day-to-day management without buying the freehold itself.